The Court declared that "the stifling effect on the academic mind from curtailing freedom of association in such a manner is manifest." In other words, the imposition of the loyalty oath, rather than narrowly targeting truly subversive activity which posed a threat to the U.S.
In that landmark decision, the Court invalidated a state university's requirement, upon pain of dismissal, that each of its professors sign a certificate stating that he or she was not a Communist and would inform the university's president if he or she had at some previous time been a Communist. The Supreme Court indicated as much in Keyishian v. This incident is troubling in the first place because loyalty oaths have no rightful place on a university campus. It insisted that Gonaver sign the oath as it was written and, when she refused, summarily fired her. However, the university refused to allow her to do so, claiming that such an accomodation would be contrary to California law. Gonaver therefore agreed to sign the oath if she were permitted to attach a brief statement expressing her personal views on the matter and her belief in nonviolence. After all, a plain reading of it suggests that one is agreeing to take up arms against any "enemies" who present themselves. As a Quaker and lifelong pacifist, she objected to its violent overtones. Wendy Gonaver, who had recently been appointed to teach American studies at CSU-Fullerton, expressed her disagreement with this part of the oath. I'm sure leading the brave men and women who wear the cloth of our nation will be the greatest honors of their lives, as it has been for me.Last August, California State University-Fullerton fired a lecturer for refusing to sign a loyalty oath in which she would have pledged to "support and defend the Constitution of the United States and the Constitution of the State of California against all enemies, foreign and domestic." "Along with the entire department, I wish them the utmost success and am grateful for their service to the country. "Here at the Department of Defense, we will ensure that the new leaders of the world's most powerful military are fully prepared to assume the helm at noon Jan. The National Guard will help defend the ceremony with 15,000 troops deployed to Washington to uphold the Constitution and rule of law, Patel said. The department stands ready to welcome Biden administration officials and will take part in protecting the Inauguration. "That is why, as the department's chief of staff and head of the transition, I ordered the DOD to fully cooperate with President-elect Joe Biden." "When it comes to the defense of the country, there is no honeymoon period granted by our enemies for a new administration's learning curve," Patel wrote. Pentagon chief of staff Kash Patel told Fox News that the Defense Department is working to ensure a seamless transfer of power to the Biden administration. Raymond and Chief of the National Guard Bureau Army Gen. Hyten, the Joint Chiefs vice chairman Army Chief of Staff Gen. Milley, the chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Air Force Gen. We honor your continued service in defense of every American." The chiefs urged service members all around the world to "stay ready, keep your eyes on the horizon, and remain focused on the mission. On January 20, 2021, in accordance with the Constitution, confirmed by the states and the courts, and certified by Congress, President-elect Biden will be inaugurated and will become our 46th commander in chief." Any act to disrupt the constitutional process is not only against our traditions, values and oath, it is against the law. "As service members, we must embody the values and ideals of the nation," the chiefs wrote. The chiefs said the attack on the Capitol - as members of Congress were performing their constitutional duties of counting the votes of the Electoral College - was a direct assault on the constitutional process. The memo stresses that the United States military "will obey lawful orders from civilian leadership, support civil authorities to protect lives and property, ensure public safety in accordance with the law, and remain fully committed to protecting and defending the Constitution of the United States against all enemies, foreign and domestic." Any act to disrupt the constitutional process is not only against our traditions, values and oath, it is against the law." As service members, we must embody the values and ideals of the nation.
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